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Tides of History · January 23, 2024 · 47m

Cracking the Maya Code: How We Learned to Read the Past

The decipherment of Maya hieroglyphic writing in the 20th century transformed our understanding of Maya civilization from a mysterious, nature-worshipping people to a complex, literate civilization with recorded histories, wars, and dynastic politics.

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Canon

J. Eric S. Thompson, the most influential Mayanist of the mid-20th century, insisted Maya glyphs were purely ideographic (representing ideas, not sounds). His authority blocked the correct phonetic decipherment for 30 years.

Highlights

Once we could read Maya texts, the peaceful Maya myth collapsed — their inscriptions are full of warfare, sacrifice, and political intrigue
Before decipherment, scholars imagined the Maya as peaceful astronomer-priests. The texts revealed a civilization obsessed with warfare, political legitimacy, captive sacrifice, and dynastic competition — as complex and violent as any in Eurasia.
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